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Articles
Presented at
AAEA Meetings
2004
Information, Labeling and Control of Foodborne Pathogens: Experience From Around the World
Presented at
AAEA Meetings
Montreal, Quebec
July 27–30, 2003
Publications for Andi Carlson
Food Safety in Food Security and
Food Trade, edited by L.J. Unnevehr, 2020
Focus 10, IFPRI, Sept 2003
The Distributional Effects
of Food Safety Regulation in the Egg Industry: A Conceptual Model
with Calibrations to National Data
Christiana E. Hilmer, Virginia Polytechnic and State University
- Walter N. Thurman, North Carolina State University
Analyzing
the Ex-Post and Ex-Ante Economic Effects of HACCP Food Safety Regulations,
Mary Muth, RTI International
Juice HACCP: Impacts, Benefits,
and Costs
Don Anderson and David Zorn are economists in RTI’sCenter for
Regulatory Economics and Policy Research and FDA’s Center for
Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, respectively.
A Multi-Step
Evaluation of the Economic Effects of USDA’s 1996 HACCP Regulation
on Meat and Poultry Plants
Mary Muth and Shawn Karns
Performance standards for food
safety: An economic analysis
Are the Best Standards Nonpathogenic Indicators or Thresholds for
Pathogens?
Frank Busta, University of Minnesota and Neal Hooker, The Ohio State
University
Wegener HC, Hald T, Wong DLF, Madsen M, Korsgaard H, Bager F, et
al.
Salmonella control programs in Denmark. Emerg Infect Dis 2003 Jul.
URL: http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/EID/vol9no7/03-0024.htm
Abstract: We describe Salmonella control programs
of broiler chickens, layer hens, and pigs in Denmark. Major reductions
in the incidence of foodborne human salmonellosis have occurred
by integrated control of farms and food processing plants. Disease
control has been achieved by monitoring the herds and flocks, eliminating
infected animals, and diversifying animals (animals and products
are processed differently depending on Salmonella status) and animal
food products according to the determined risk. In 2001, the Danish
society saved U.S.$25.5 million by controlling Salmonella. The total
annual Salmonella control costs in year 2001 were U.S.$14.1 million
(U.S.$0.075/kg of pork and U.S.$0.02/kg of broiler or egg). These
costs are paid almost exclusively by the industry. The control principles
described are applicable to most industrialized countries with modern
intensive farming systems
T. Roberts, BOOK REVIEW - Food safety and international competitiveness:
The case of beef, by John Spriggs, Grant Isaac, CABI Publishing,
Wallingford, UK, 2001, 196 pp., Hardcover, US$ 75, ISBN: 0851995187,
Agricultural Economics, Volume 29, Issue 1(July 2003) Pages 111-112.
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=GatewayURL&_origin=AUTHORALERT&
method=citationSearch&_piikey=S0169515002000373&_version=1&md5=b567690f0
cfd0e9b11bdf08683974c51
Elise Golan, Barry Krissoff, Fred Kuchler, Ken Nelson, Greg Price,
and Linda Calvin, Traceability in the US Food Supply: Dead End or
Superhighway?, CHOICES, June 2003
http://www.choicesmagazine.org
Abstract: Calls for mandatory food traceability
are making news in policy discussions ranging over homeland security,
country-of-origin labeling, Mad Cow disease, and genetically engineered
foods. A frequent underlying assumption is that unlike Europe, the
United States does not have food traceability. Here we argue that
although the United States does not mandate system-wide traceability,
firms have a number of motives for establishing traceability systems;
as a result, private-sector traceability systems in the United States
are extensive. The breadth, depth, and precision of private traceability
systems vary depending on the attributes of interest and each firm's
traceability costs and benefits. Mandatory traceability that fails
to allow for variation across firms may impose unnecessary costs
on firms already operating efficient traceability systems.
Laurian Unnevehr, Food Safety: Setting and Enforcing Standards,
CHOICES,
2003/1
http://www.choicesmagazine.org/
Abstract: Clear performance standards for food safety
would improve the efficiency of meat safety regulations by encouraging
processing firms to find the most cost-effective means of reducing
hazards in the food supply chain," reports Laurian Unnevehr
of the University of Illinois. In turn, the efficiency of safety
regulations would increase if scientists would agree on performance
standards for meat. Over the past decade, the federal government
has adopted new approaches and safety standards for meat. These
actions, however, have been controversial with both the meat industry
and consumers. The current U.S. Department of Agriculture position
is that all those involved in food production and consumption must
share food safety responsibility. For consumers, however, the advent
of more fresh foods, micro waving, and great away from home consumption
are reducing consumer controls, and shifting more responsibility
to the food industry. The benefits of food safety are great, by
the costs of safety are often underestimated, partly because of
uncertainty about ultimate performance standards, and because control
costs increase sharply as controls become more effective. A better
understanding of the costs and benefits achieved with different
safety standards would show how to most efficiently improve food
safety.
Michael Ollinger and Valerie Mueller, Managing for Safer Food:
The
Economics of Sanitation and Process Controls in Meat and Poultry
Plants,
Agricultural Economic Report No. (AER817) 72 pp, April 2003
http://www.ers.usda.gov/publications/aer817/
Abstract: This study evaluates the costs of sanitation
and process control in producing meat and poultry. The study shows
that the costs of sanitation and process control as required by
the Pathogen Reduction/Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point
(PR/HACCP) rule of 1996 raised wholesale meat and poultry prices
by about 1 percent.
Multistate Outbreak of Salmonella Serotype Typhimurium Infections
Associated with Drinking Unpasteurized Milk --- Illinois, Indiana,
Ohio,
and Tennessee, 2002--2003, MMWR, July 4, 2003 / Vol. 52 / No. 26
http://www..cdc.gov/mmwr/
Abstract: On December 10, 2002, the Clark County Combined
Health District and the Ohio Department of Health (ODH) were notified
of two hospitalized children infected with Salmonella Enterica serotype
Typhimurium. Initial investigation implicated consumption of raw,
unpasteurized milk purchased at a local combination dairy-restaurant
(dairy) during November 27--December 13, 2002, as the cause. This
report summarizes the subsequent investigation. Because 27 states
still allow the sale of raw milk, and organizations continue their
efforts to allow marketing and sale of raw milk to the public directly
from the farm (1,2), consumer education about the hazards of raw
milk and a careful review of existing policies are needed.
Growing The
Biotechnology Sector in New Zealand: A Framework for Action,
Report from the Biotechnology Task Force, May 2003
Abstract: This report represents the culmination
of the work of the Biotechnology Taskforce to date from which a
Framework for Action has been assembled which challenges industry,
government and many other key stakeholders to work together to bring
about long-term sustainable growth in our biotechnology sector.
As such this report sits at the start of a significant process of
change and opportunity from which New Zealand can position itself
as a vital global player in the modern biotechnology marketplace.
The Economics of Food Safety: The Case of Green Onions
and Hepatitis A Outbreaks. By Linda Calvin, Belem Avendaņo, and
Rita Schwentesius,
Economic Research Service, USDA, Outlook Report No. (VGS30501) 22 pp, December 2004
Abstract: Using the example of recent hepatitis A outbreaks
in the United States associated with green onions from Mexico, this report
examines the economics of food safety. It reviews the incentives to adopt
additional food safety practices and the economic impact of an outbreak on
green onion growers in Mexico.
New Pathogen Testing Technologies and the Market for Food Safety
Information by Laurian Unnevehr, Tanya Roberts, and Carl Custer in the
latest issue of AgBioForum available online by clicking on the above title.
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